Essay Writing: The Principal Trunk - Supporting Sentences
As mentioned inward the outset article inward this series, students writing an essay as business office of an assignment or an ESL/EFL exam ofttimes respect it hard to elaborate on the topic they guide keep been given. One motility which tin solely live remedied by reading newspapers, academic journals or discussing electrical flow affairs and a multifariousness of subjects alongside others, is a lack of ideas. The other is not knowing how to expand an argument, but fortunately this tin live solved yesteryear putting into play the diverse types of supporting sentences available.
Let's meet what these 6 types of sentences are.
Supporting Sentences
After writing the topic judgement of your paragraph (read specifics nigh this here), there are a lay out of sentences you lot tin usage to back upwards the points you lot brand inward a (main body) paragraph.
The outset 4 types of sentences are an absolute must-know. All students, regardless of why they are writing an essay, tin too must usage them to expand their topic sentence. The in conclusion 2 are more suited for the purposes of longer assignments which students tin ready at home later project research, though it is not impossible for ESL/EFL test-takers to employ them nether timed conditions.
Not all of these types of sentences volition suit each top dog trunk paragraph. One paragraph mightiness guide keep a combination of three of these, spell to a greater extent than or less other paragraph four. Some paragraphs mightiness have all 6 of them. Additionally, each category is non a dissever judgement per se: it goes without maxim that one sentence may include 2 types, say, an explanation alongside examples or an declaration combined alongside a quote by a renowned scientist. Learning to residuum too vary your paragraphs by mixing too matching sentences is what makes a expert essay (naturally, this applies to what grammatical structures or vocabulary you lot usage every bit well).
Let's plough to these supporting judgement types i at a time, too so meet how it all fits together yesteryear looking at an example.
Arguments
After writing your topic sentence, the outset thing you lot do is clarify the declaration you lot desire to acquaint to your reader. It was already hinted in the previous shipping service that the lay out of arguments you lot will include inward i top dog trunk paragraph volition depend on how the topic judgement has been formulated. If you say that at that topographic point are 2 disadvantages to living inward a city rather than inward the countryside, too so you lot must include two distinct arguments to dorsum what you lot say.
Explanations
Having stated your argument, you lot need to back upwards it, yesteryear explaining to your readers
a) what you hateful inward a clear way
b) how the declaration is valid
What you're doing, in fact, is briefly stating your declaration to introduce it, too so using to a greater extent than space, so to speak, to province the details pertaining to this argument, easing your readers gradually down your prepare of thought.
Examples
Once you've discussed the facts concerning your argument, you lot need to illustrate to your readers how what you lot say is upheld by stating real-life instances. Nothing is to a greater extent than convincing than putting situations into words that readers tin relate to or guide keep experienced themselves. It doesn't thing what plain your examples come upwards from, every bit long every bit they
a) present the practical application of your declaration (which is an idea too hence theoretical)
b) back upwards the validity of your argument
For example, if you lot can describe on examples from the educational, economic, artistic, personal or political domains, too so you are certain to reinforce your position.
Causes / Results
In to a greater extent than or less cases, you lot volition run out of things to say about an declaration quickly, belike because the declaration is self-explanatory, uncomplicated, straightforward. One way to extend your paragraph would too so live to speak nigh the reasons behind what you've just said or its implications, and yesteryear doing so you manage to solidify the argument's tenability.
For instance, maxim that pollution is harmful is self-evident. By mentioning the causes that aggravate the contamination of our planet too the affect pollution has on the environment, you lot are inward fact proving your point.
Statistical Information
This type of supporting sentence is quite probable the strongest weapon inward a student's arsenal to evidence definitively that what has been stated every bit declaration is a scientifically proven fact. Being able to refer to surveys, studies or other experimentational findings helps persuade readers to a greater extent than easily, so whenever possible, do query to respect studies whose results could back a specific declaration you've made.
This of course means that students writing an essay every bit business office of an exam inward English linguistic communication are at a disadvantage, since it is impossible for them to retrieve too state the sources of research findings on any given topic. Students writing an assignment at home, however, guide keep the mesh at their fingertips or their local library nearby with myriads of resources to guide from, so facts arising from scientific labor should live incorporated inward such essays.
Quotations
Like statistical info, learning famous quotes yesteryear pump to adapt each essay topic is inconceivable, to say the least. You tin compile a listing of xx famous last words or unforgettable sayings yesteryear famous people but chances are in an exam you won't acquire a topic to stand upwards for anything on your list. At home, things are much simpler too including a draw from a famous somebody is a writing technique teachers recommend students employ in assignments.
Applying what we've merely said
Having revealed the diverse types of supporting sentences, let's see what they would aspect similar inward practice.
Essay Topic: Living inward the countryside is amend than living inward a large city.
You guide keep decided to fence inward favor of living inward a large city, so in i top dog trunk paragraph you lot settle on stating one disadvantage of living inward the countryside.
Main Body Paragraph: Disadvantage of living in the countryside #1 = lack of facilities (fewer facilities than those acquaint inward a large city)
Topic Sentence: One of the top dog reasons why metropolis life is preferable to province living has to do alongside the facilities available inward small province villages or towns.
Argument: The fact of the thing is that at that topographic point is a lack of facilities that could brand life easier, to a greater extent than comfortable too interesting for residents.
Explanation: Due to the smaller size of a town or village, having the same lay out of authorities services and commercial businesses that a metropolis would guide keep is highly unlikely.
Example: In other words, it is expected that at that topographic point are fewer supermarkets, hospitals or clinics, cinema complexes, sports centers, libraries, schools, parks, restaurants and shopping centers.
Causes: The argue for this is because fewer inhabitants way less income for town planners to build to a greater extent than on the i hand, too less demand for such facilities on the other. In a town of 5,000 inhabitants, how many football stadiums would you lot need to accommodate fans? In a remote village whose population barely reaches 500, could ten tavernas serving Mediterranean dishes be in the dark for long? Chances are slim to none, unfortunately.
Results: The argue why this must live seen every bit a disadvantage, is because of the effect it has on people's lives. Fewer facilities restrict options for townsfolk, resulting inward more repetitive routines due to the express lay out of activities available or even higher wellness risks because of smaller, inadequately equipped hospitals.
Statistical Information: According to the 2018 National Health Profile complied yesteryear the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare of the Government of India, to accept an example, the infant mortality charge per unit of measurement inward rural areas was higher than that seen inward urban areas spell life expectancy was higher inward urban than rural areas.
Quotation: Though these might live wellness risks express to a item expanse of the world, the feeling of tedium related to the lack of options mentioned before is to a greater extent than global. As famous American stand-up comedian Lenny Bruce reportedly said, "I loathe small-scale towns because in i trial you've seen the cannon inward the common there's zilch else to do."
So, that's how it's done. Take each type of supporting judgement too write something, too so lay it all together. With to a greater extent than practice, you lot volition live able to these combine sentence types to period of time from i to the side yesteryear side to a greater extent than smoothly.
Don't lose hope. Elaborating an declaration is possible every bit long every bit you lot accept each flake too operate on it separately, too so convey everything together.
This is how the paragraph would aspect every bit a whole. See how long it is because each type of supporting judgement has been used? In this case, a in conclusion judgement is unnecessary. Instead, you lot would move on to your next top dog trunk paragraph.
One of the top dog reasons why metropolis life is preferable to province living has to do alongside the facilities available inward small province villages or towns. The fact of the thing is that at that topographic point is a lack of facilities that could brand life easier, to a greater extent than comfortable too interesting for residents. Due to the smaller size of a town or village, having the same lay out of authorities services and commercial businesses that a metropolis would guide keep is highly unlikely. In other words, it is expected that at that topographic point are fewer supermarkets, hospitals or clinics, cinema complexes, sports centers, libraries, schools, parks, restaurants and shopping centers. The argue for this is because fewer inhabitants way less income for town planners to build to a greater extent than on the i hand, too less demand for such facilities on the other. In a town of 5,000 inhabitants, how many football stadiums would you lot need to accommodate fans? In a remote village whose population barely reaches 500, could ten tavernas serving Mediterranean dishes be in the dark for long? Chances are slim to none, unfortunately.The argue why this must live seen every bit a disadvantage, is because of the effect it has on people's lives. Fewer facilities restrict options for townsfolk, resulting inward more repetitive routines due to the express lay out of activities available or even higher wellness risks because of smaller, inadequately equipped hospitals. According to the 2018 National Health Profile complied yesteryear the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare of the Government of India, to accept an example, the infant mortality charge per unit of measurement inward rural areas was higher than that seen inward urban areas spell life expectancy was higher inward urban than rural areas.Though these might live wellness risks express to a item expanse of the world, the feeling of tedium related to the lack of options mentioned before is to a greater extent than global. As famous American stand-up comedian Lenny Bruce reportedly said, "I loathe small-scale towns because in i trial you've seen the cannon inward the common there's zilch else to do."
Click on the next links for to a greater extent than posts concerning essay writing:
1) The Overall Organization of an Essay
2) The Introductory Paragraph
3) The Main Body - The Topic Sentence
4) The Main Body - Concluding Sentence
Read a multifariousness of sample essays yesteryear clicking on the icon below
Looking for aid alongside the oral exam? Click the icon for tips too topics to improve your speaking skills.
